Who was the leader of the Communist Party in China that established the People's Republic of China?

The leader of the Communist Party in China who established the People's Republic of China was Mao Zedong. He played a crucial role in the Chinese Civil War and led the Communist forces to victory against the Nationalist government, which was headed by Chiang Kai-shek. In 1949, after the victory, Mao Zedong proclaimed the establishment of the People's Republic of China, a significant event that marked the beginning of communist rule in the country. His leadership was instrumental in shaping China's political and ideological landscape during the mid-20th century.

Other figures mentioned, such as Chiang Kai-shek, though significant in their own right, were aligned with the Nationalist Party and played different roles in China's history. Deng Xiaoping is known for his economic reforms in China after Mao's era, while Sun Yat-sen was a revolutionary leader who is often regarded as the father of modern China but was not involved with the establishment of the People's Republic. Mao Zedong's role is central and pivotal in this historical context.