Who was the first African American to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard and called for resistance against segregation?

W.E.B. DuBois was the first African American to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard and is well-known for his advocacy against segregation and discrimination. He achieved his doctorate in 1895, making him a pioneer in both academic achievement and civil rights activism. DuBois was a co-founder of the NAACP and played a crucial role in promoting the rights and education of African Americans during the early 20th century. His famous work, "The Souls of Black Folk," argues against the notion of "accommodation" that was advocated by some of his contemporaries, like Booker T. Washington, and instead encourages a more direct and assertive approach to fighting for equality. This historical context underlines DuBois's significant role in urging African Americans to resist segregation and oppressive systems.