Who founded the colony of Maryland, primarily for religious freedom?

The correct answer is George Calvert, known as Lord Baltimore, who founded the colony of Maryland primarily to create a haven for English Catholics seeking religious freedom. In the early 17th century, Catholics faced significant discrimination and persecution in England. Calvert envisioned establishing a colony where both Catholics and Protestants could coexist peacefully, which was a forward-thinking idea at the time.

Maryland was notable for its religious tolerance, as embodied in the Maryland Toleration Act of 1649, which provided for freedom of worship for all Christians. This act marked one of the first steps towards religious freedom in the American colonies, making Maryland a refuge for those who were marginalized for their beliefs in England.

The other individuals mentioned played significant roles in American history but were not associated with the founding of Maryland. For instance, William Penn established Pennsylvania as a sanctuary for Quakers, emphasizing religious freedom but in a different context. Thomas Jefferson focused on concepts of liberty and religious freedom in his political career but was not a founder of any colony. Roger Williams founded Rhode Island, promoting religious tolerance, specifically for the Puritans and other dissenters, but he did not establish Maryland. Thus, George Calvert's vision for Maryland as a place of religious refuge aligns perfectly with