Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

The 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution is the landmark legislation that abolished slavery. Ratified in December 1865, this amendment formally ended the legal practice of slavery across the nation, prohibiting involuntary servitude except as punishment for a crime. This was a significant turning point in American history, as it was part of the broader movement during the Reconstruction Era aimed at establishing rights for formerly enslaved individuals and integrating them into society as full citizens.

The other amendments mentioned do not pertain to the abolition of slavery. For example, the 12th Amendment, focused on the electoral process for the President and Vice President, while the 16th Amendment dealt with federal income tax. The 19th Amendment, which granted women the right to vote, also does not relate to the issue of slavery. Thus, the 13th Amendment is recognized as the definitive statement against slavery in the United States.