What was the main belief of Malcolm X during the civil rights movement?

Malcolm X was a prominent figure during the civil rights movement, known for his advocacy of black nationalism and the idea that African Americans should establish their own identities and communities, separate from white society. This belief in separation stemmed from a deep frustration with systemic racism and oppression faced by African Americans. He argued that true empowerment and self-determination could be achieved through a focus on racial pride, self-reliance, and the creation of independent institutions.

Malcolm X emphasized the importance of African Americans becoming self-sufficient and working within their own communities to build strength and resilience, ultimately promoting a vision of black empowerment that pushed for political and economic autonomy. This was a stark contrast to other civil rights leaders who sought integration and cooperation with white Americans as a means to achieve equality. His perspective was rooted in the belief that African Americans needed to first gain cultural pride and humanitarian rights before they could effectively integrate into a society that had historically marginalized them.